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Medical glossary

227 words and abbreviations, explained without jargon. Every one of them also appears inside our articles — hover or tap the dotted underline and the definition comes to you, so you never have to leave what you were reading.

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Random blood sugarRBS, Random plasma glucose, Random blood glucoseA blood sugar taken at any time of day without fasting. A result of 200 mg/dL or more, together with symptoms, points to diabetes.
RefluxAcid reflux, GORD, GERDReflux is stomach acid escaping upward into the food pipe, causing burning behind the breastbone and an acid taste. Occasional reflux is common; when it happens regularly it is treated as a condition in its own right.
Remission

Remission means the signs and symptoms of a disease have reduced or disappeared. It is not the same as cure — the condition may still be present and can return.

RenalKidney, NephricRenal simply means relating to the kidneys. It appears throughout medical language — renal function, renal failure, renal stones — where the everyday word would be kidney.

ResilienceResilient, Psychological resilience, Bouncing backThe ability to adapt and recover after hardship, loss or stress. It is not a fixed trait you either have or lack; it grows from relationships, habits and support.

Rheumatoid arthritisRARheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the lining of the joints, causing pain, swelling and prolonged morning stiffness. Untreated it damages joints permanently, so early treatment matters.

RuminationOverthinking, Brooding, Repetitive negative thinkingGoing over the same upsetting thoughts again and again — why something happened, what it means, what is wrong with you — without reaching a solution. It deepens low mood.

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Health, explained plainly. Written for Pakistan and checked by the clinic’s doctors before it is published.

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