Psychology
ADHD in children: signs, diagnosis and treatment
ADHD is more than an active child. What the signs are, what else can look like it, how it is assessed, and which treatments help at each age.
27 Sept 20269 min read
ICD-11
Also known as ICD, ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases
The World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases, 11th revision: the global system for naming and coding all diseases, including mental disorders. It came into effect on 1 January 2022.
In Psychology
The ICD is the World Health Organization's standard list of diseases, injuries and causes of death, each with a code. Hospitals, insurers and governments use these codes to record diagnoses and count illness consistently around the world.
ICD-11 was adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2019 and came into effect on 1 January 2022, replacing ICD-10. It is fully digital, with around 17,000 unique codes. Health systems move across gradually, so ICD-10 codes — such as F32 for a depressive episode — are still widely seen on reports.
Changes in mental health
The mental health chapter includes newer diagnoses such as , and gaming disorder. is included as an occupational phenomenon, not as a medical condition.
Where this comes up
Psychology
Autism: early signs, diagnosis and support
Early signs of autism by age, the difference between a late talker and an autistic child, how diagnosis works, what support helps — and the 'cures' that harm.
27 Sept 202610 min read
Psychology
Burnout: signs, causes and recovery
Burnout is exhaustion, cynicism and falling effectiveness caused by chronic work stress. How it differs from depression, who is at risk, and what actually helps.
27 Sept 20267 min read
Psychology
Gaming disorder: when gaming becomes a problem
Most heavy gamers do not have gaming disorder. The line is crossed when gaming takes control and damages sleep, studies, work or family life for months.
27 Sept 20268 min read
Related terms
- DSM-5DSM-5-TR, DSMThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: the American Psychiatric Association's handbook of criteria for diagnosing mental health conditions. The current edition is DSM-5-TR (2022).
- PsychiatryPsychiatrist, Psychiatric doctorThe branch of medicine that diagnoses and treats mental illness. A psychiatrist is a medical doctor with specialist training who can prescribe medicine as well as offer therapy.
- BurnoutBurn-out, Occupational burnoutA state of exhaustion, cynicism and reduced effectiveness caused by long-term workplace stress that has not been managed. WHO calls it an occupational phenomenon, not a medical condition.
- Complex PTSDC-PTSD, CPTSDA form of PTSD that follows long-lasting or repeated trauma that was hard to escape, such as childhood abuse or ongoing domestic violence. It adds lasting problems with emotions, self-worth and relationships.